"Whole-home" approach needed to boost physical activity

Physical activity needs to be embedded into the culture of care homes, according to new research by the University of Stirling in Scotland, UK.

The ‘Sit Less Move More’ study surveyed and interviewed more than 160 care home staff across the UK to identify the barriers faced by residents to activity and how they could be overcome.

The study found that a lack of time among staff to support residents in being physically active and a fear of falling were the main barriers to physical activity.

Now the academic team behind the study, backed by walking charity Paths for All, Perth and Kinross Health and Social Care Partnership, and Life Changes Trust, say that significant changes and a “whole-home” approach is required to make physical activity part of all care home activities.

Dr Grant Gibson of the Faculty of Social Sciences said, “A sedentary lifestyle can result in losing the ability to balance, to rise from a chair and to walk, as well as increasing the likelihood of falls when attempting to move. Yet, how to ensure people with dementia in care homes have continuing access to activities that promote physical activity, or what the factors are in care homes that facilitate or present barriers to residents becoming more physically active, has seen relatively little research.

“We found a whole-home approach was needed to support residents to engage in physical activity and that it was vital that physical activity was encouraged as part of personal care, recreational preferences, social activities and daily tasks — not just as ‘exercise’. Care homes need more resources, time and support to do that.”

As part of the research, the academic team explored how care homes across the world address this problem and developed a set of key recommendations for governments, local authorities, care home providers, staff and managers.

The recommendations include: appointing care home staff in specific activities coordinator roles; introducing support for care home staff at all levels to be better skilled in order to encourage care home residents to be physically active; and creating effective resources and knowledge exchange networks for care home staff regarding physical activity.

“Many of the recommendations highlighted in this report require significant changes in care home services, not least increasing resources from their current level. But many elements are achievable with relatively minor changes. Most importantly, many of our recommendations will give care homes the opportunity to build on their staff as their greatest resource available and will ultimately help them to provide care that is best for their residents,” Gibson said.

Carl Greenwood, Paths for All Senior Development Officer, said: “We are delighted to see the publication of this timely report on the importance of promoting physical activity in care homes and how care homes can foster a culture around everyday movement.

“The report also highlights the pivotal role that activity coordinators play in facilitating this positive culture around movement and physical activity, and the need to recognise and support this critical role, with training, resources and networking opportunities.

“We hope that this will be taken on board by care homes, health and social care providers and policymakers and lead to more discussion around how we can support more physical activity in our care homes.”

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